Survey & Research Services
Survey, campaign and reporting services provide the right level of support to ensure projects are created on time and in-budget. Feedback projects can be outsourced entirely, or we can help with individual aspects.
•Survey design and programming
•Translations
•Report writing, design and distribution
•Campaign and panel management
Integration Services and Custom Development
Connect the voice of your customers, partners and employees with relevant enterprise data. Vovici Consulting Services provides a range of solutions to ensure you can capture the actionable data you need to make strategic business decisions, including:
•Integration with:
•CRM Systems
•Help Desk Systems
•ERP Data
•Other proprietary sources of data
•Survey programming and customizations
Community Panel Consulting
Vovici’s knowledgeable community experts are ready to apply their deep experience in building robust communities and survey portals. Partnering with you, Vovici will help conceptualize, plan, build and manage your community.
•Community Planning and Conceptualization
•Define Background, Purpose and Objectives of the Community
•Community Branding and Accessibility
•Identify Community Audience
•Feedback and Communication Strategy
•Recruitment and Maintenance
•Project and Resource Planning
•Community Panel Development and Panel Creation
•On-going Maintenance and Moderation
Tuesday, November 23, 2010
Monday, August 30, 2010
Introduction – What Is SEO
1)Search Engine Optimization (SEO) is often considered the more technical part of Web marketing.
2)SEO does help in the promotion of sites and at the same time it requires some technical knowledge – at least familiarity with basic HTML.
3)Generally, SEO can be defined as the activity of optimizing Web pages or whole sites in order to make them more search engine-friendly, thus getting higher positions in search results.
4)SEO helps to increase the traffic to site.
5)if you really want to be at the top, you need to pay special attention to SEO and devote significant amounts of time and effort to it. Even if you plan to do some basic SEO, it is essential that you understand how search engines work and which items are most important in SEO.
How Search Engines Work
The first basic truth you need to learn about SEO is that search engines are not humans. While this might be obvious for everybody, the differences between how humans and search engines view web pages aren't. Unlike humans, search engines are text-driven. Although technology advances rapidly, search engines are far from intelligent creatures that can feel the beauty of a cool design or enjoy the sounds and movement in movies. Instead, search engines crawl the Web, looking at particular site items (mainly text) to get an idea what a site is about. This brief explanation is not the most precise because as we will see next, search engines perform several activities in order to deliver search results – crawling, indexing, processing, calculating relevancy, and retrieving.
First, search engines crawl the Web to see what is there. This task is performed by e piece of software, called a crawler or a spider (or Googlebot, as is the case with Google). Spiders follow links from one page to another and index everything they find on their way. Having in mind the number of pages on the Web (over 20 billion), it is impossible for a spider to visit a site daily just to see if a new page has appeared or if an existing page has been modified. Sometimes crawlers will not visit your site for a month or two, so during this time your SEO efforts will not be rewarded. But there is nothing you can do about it, so just keep quiet.
What you can do is to check what a crawler sees from your site. As already mentioned, crawlers are not humans and they do not see images, Flash movies, JavaScript, frames, password-protected pages and directories, so if you have tons of these on your site, you'd better run the Spider Simulator below to see if these goodies are viewable by the spider. If they are not viewable, they will not be spidered, not indexed, not processed, etc. - in a word they will be non-existent for search engines.
After a page is crawled, the next step is to index its content. The indexed page is stored in a giant database, from where it can later be retrieved. Essentially, the process of indexing is identifying the words and expressions that best describe the page and assigning the page to particular keywords. For a human it will not be possible to process such amounts of information but generally search engines deal just fine with this task. Sometimes they might not get the meaning of a page right but if you help them by optimizing it, it will be easier for them to classify your pages correctly and for you – to get higher rankings.
When a search request comes, the search engine processes it – i.e. it compares the search string in the search request with the indexed pages in the database. Since it is likely that more than one pages (practically it is millions of pages) contains the search string, the search engine starts calculating the relevancy of each of the pages in its index to the search string.
There are various algorithms to calculate relevancy. Each of these algorithms has different relative weights for common factors like keyword density, links, or metatags. That is why different search engines give different search results pages for the same search string. What is more, it is a known fact that all major search engines, like Yahoo!, Google, MSN, etc. periodically change their algorithms and if you want to keep at the top, you also need to adapt your pages to the latest changes. This is one reason (the other is your competitors) to devote permanent efforts to SEO, if you'd like to be at the top.
The last step in search engines' activity is retrieving the results. Basically, it is nothing more than simply displaying them in the browser – i.e. the endless pages of search results that are sorted from the most relevant to the least relevant sites.
useful links:http://www.carsinlondon.com/seo-techniques.html
2)SEO does help in the promotion of sites and at the same time it requires some technical knowledge – at least familiarity with basic HTML.
3)Generally, SEO can be defined as the activity of optimizing Web pages or whole sites in order to make them more search engine-friendly, thus getting higher positions in search results.
4)SEO helps to increase the traffic to site.
5)if you really want to be at the top, you need to pay special attention to SEO and devote significant amounts of time and effort to it. Even if you plan to do some basic SEO, it is essential that you understand how search engines work and which items are most important in SEO.
How Search Engines Work
The first basic truth you need to learn about SEO is that search engines are not humans. While this might be obvious for everybody, the differences between how humans and search engines view web pages aren't. Unlike humans, search engines are text-driven. Although technology advances rapidly, search engines are far from intelligent creatures that can feel the beauty of a cool design or enjoy the sounds and movement in movies. Instead, search engines crawl the Web, looking at particular site items (mainly text) to get an idea what a site is about. This brief explanation is not the most precise because as we will see next, search engines perform several activities in order to deliver search results – crawling, indexing, processing, calculating relevancy, and retrieving.
First, search engines crawl the Web to see what is there. This task is performed by e piece of software, called a crawler or a spider (or Googlebot, as is the case with Google). Spiders follow links from one page to another and index everything they find on their way. Having in mind the number of pages on the Web (over 20 billion), it is impossible for a spider to visit a site daily just to see if a new page has appeared or if an existing page has been modified. Sometimes crawlers will not visit your site for a month or two, so during this time your SEO efforts will not be rewarded. But there is nothing you can do about it, so just keep quiet.
What you can do is to check what a crawler sees from your site. As already mentioned, crawlers are not humans and they do not see images, Flash movies, JavaScript, frames, password-protected pages and directories, so if you have tons of these on your site, you'd better run the Spider Simulator below to see if these goodies are viewable by the spider. If they are not viewable, they will not be spidered, not indexed, not processed, etc. - in a word they will be non-existent for search engines.
After a page is crawled, the next step is to index its content. The indexed page is stored in a giant database, from where it can later be retrieved. Essentially, the process of indexing is identifying the words and expressions that best describe the page and assigning the page to particular keywords. For a human it will not be possible to process such amounts of information but generally search engines deal just fine with this task. Sometimes they might not get the meaning of a page right but if you help them by optimizing it, it will be easier for them to classify your pages correctly and for you – to get higher rankings.
When a search request comes, the search engine processes it – i.e. it compares the search string in the search request with the indexed pages in the database. Since it is likely that more than one pages (practically it is millions of pages) contains the search string, the search engine starts calculating the relevancy of each of the pages in its index to the search string.
There are various algorithms to calculate relevancy. Each of these algorithms has different relative weights for common factors like keyword density, links, or metatags. That is why different search engines give different search results pages for the same search string. What is more, it is a known fact that all major search engines, like Yahoo!, Google, MSN, etc. periodically change their algorithms and if you want to keep at the top, you also need to adapt your pages to the latest changes. This is one reason (the other is your competitors) to devote permanent efforts to SEO, if you'd like to be at the top.
The last step in search engines' activity is retrieving the results. Basically, it is nothing more than simply displaying them in the browser – i.e. the endless pages of search results that are sorted from the most relevant to the least relevant sites.
useful links:http://www.carsinlondon.com/seo-techniques.html
Monday, August 9, 2010
Alternatives to CAPTCHA
CAPTCHA stands for "Completely Automated Public Turing Test to Tell Computers and Humans Apart".CAPTCHA is a set of methods commonly used to block automated account registration and spamming.It refers to a verification scheme used by sites to ensure that web content is accessed only by persons.
CAPTCHA suffers from many problems.
First, it is often very unethical - it unnecessarily discriminates against blind and otherwise visually impaired people.
Secondly, CAPTCHA is not always very good at keeping spam away because computer software already can, generally speaking, recognize letters as well as humans, and computer itself has plenty of advantages over human. Often you see a misguided attemt at making CAPTCHA harder - for example, low text-to-background contrast or bad color combination does nothing to stop computer, but makes it harder to read for human. Often, human don't know how many letters should be there, and random lines may look like yet another distorted letter; whereas captcha-breaking software would know how many letters are supposed to be in this captcha, and when detecting more letters, can eliminate the least likely.
Some letters in common fonts differ too little to be reliably recognized by human when distorted (such as 0,O ; I,l,i,!,j ; vv,w and so on). Humans recognize heavily distorted letters in handwriting based on the context, but letters in CAPTCHAs lack context.
All the above, in combination, often results in a CAPTCHA that computer can, in principle, recognize better than human. Furthermore computer does not get tired and can keep trying even if it succeeds only once per ten attempts.
Thirdly, CAPTCHA turns away undecided visitors, and may very well result in loss of revenue.
CAPTCHA works by wasting time and money on software that is forcing spammer to waste time and money.
To solve this problem, people began thinking of alternatives to CAPTCHA:
SAPTCHA.
SAPTCHA stands for Semi Automatic Public Turing Test to Tell Computers and Humans Apart.
The key concept is same as with CAPTCHA: user is presented with test question or instructions and must give correct answer to use resource. Main difference is that computer does not try to automatically generate "unique" test questions on each query; only verification of answer is automatic. Instead, unique test question and answer[s] are set by moderator or owner when SAPTCHA is installed, and are changed every time spamming happens.
SAPTCHA is proposed as more accessible alternative to CAPTCHA that may replace CAPTCHA in services such as most blogs and forums. SAPTCHA works as lightweight CAPTCHA.
The concept follows from observation that there are many cases where automated generation of unique test question or image does not add any security - spammer do not need to pass test more than once on same forum or blog. Often, there's no human spammer interacting with website at all [Indeed, every blog or site owner would love to believe that his site is so important that it is spammed personally, in a very weird way whereby rather than just reading the image with eyes, spammer would write visual recognition software, but that's in fact not happening :-)]. In such cases, static question can't be worse at stopping bot than dynamic.
Human generated questions have much broader diversity and are thus harder for computer to answer. Parsing arbitrary sentences is an unsolved problem, unlike distorted letter recognition which is a solved problem. It must be also noted that CAPTCHA itself is not really "completely automatic" - human has to write and maintain CAPTCHA software, and update it every time it is broken.
Example questions: User is given instruction like "write [no i'm not a computer!] in this text field" or "write 'i'm human' in reverse" or "write[or copy-paste] web address of this page there" (please don't use too similar things. No default questions and answers. Think up something yourself. Don't try to be clever. It should be not more complex to understand and do than rest of registration, and thus shouldn't decrease website's accessibility(!). It's better if answer is more than 1 character long.)
Bots can try to understand text written by human in normal language (very hard problem in AI) or try to guess (some delay can make it pointless) or try some common test answers if any (then, common test questions and answers will disappear)
Spammer have to manually answer the question to start spamming. This is exactly same problem as with CAPTCHA at registration. Similarly to CAPTCHA at registration, human invervention is necessary to stop spam. - account must be banned and for SAPCHA question must be changed.
In a way, SAPTCHA can be viewed as light weight disposable CAPTCHA test that is cheap to replace when it get compromised.
Comparison
Sample use scenarios
SAPTCHA
s.0) Normal user comes accross your blog. If he can answer question, he can post reply, unless you made bad question and/or instructions. If user can't read your question, probably he can't read your blog either, so the SAPTCHA shouldn't make it less accessible.
s.1) Spammer bot comes accross your blog. No spamming happens. Bots can't understand human language yet.
s.2) Spammer human comes accross your blog/forum, answer question, register account, and possibly add answer and account to spambot database or proceeds to spam manually. You are spammed. You'll have to take action manually to ban spammer and stop spam; you may also want to change the question if spamming was done by bot that "knows" answer to question.
CAPTCHA
s.0) Normal user comes accross your blog/forum. If he can see, and CAPTCHA is simple he can post reply with small hastle if he doesn't have to pass CAPTCHA every time he replies. If CAPTCHA is "unbreakable" or uses bad colors, he will need several attempts, especially so if he need to pass it for every reply. This makes it much less likely that someone will reply to your posts at all. If user is blind or otherwise can't see it, no way.
s.1) Spammer bot comes accross your blog. You might get spammed if bot can recognize image (it is possible if you are using popular CAPTCHA that was broken).
s.2) Spammer human comes accross your blog/forum. He can answer question, register account, add it to spambot database. You are spammed. It will take moderator to ban the bot, and delete spam[assuming that spam filters alone don't suffice without CAPTCHA]; so you still need human intervention from your side. As have been said before, if you'd ask to pass CAPTCHA for every message it'd be too annoying for normal users as well.
Comparison of SAPTCHA versus CAPTCHA features
Advantages of SAPTCHA over CAPTCHA:
1. SAPTCHA software is much easier to implement or replace than CAPTCHA
2. Textual SAPTCHA does not discriminate against disabled who can use internet. [Audio CAPTCHA plus visual CAPTCHA still discriminates against some people, plus the audio part is far easier for computer to break]
3. There is methods for breaking image based CAPTCHAs. If you use popular CAPTCHA, you may still get spammed by entirely automatic bot. SAPTCHAs can be much more varied and there won't be common method of breaking until it becomes possible for computers to interpret human instructions in normal human language. At which time we'd rather have to worry about things like skynet.
Advantages of CAPTCHA over SAPTCHA (disadvantages of SAPTCHA):
1. With SAPTCHA, when banning spammer, moderator must enter new question and answer. With CAPTCHA, though, there's point 1 above (& CAPTCHA code won't remain useful forever either), so for not extremely popular websites it seems highly unlikely that even in long run CAPTCHA would save work.
2. If SAPTCHA is used to protect registration, it is easier to register many accounts at once with SAPTCHA than with CAPTCHA; this might or might not matter with popular email services.
3. Verbal SAPTCHA may be problematic for multi-language resources that need frequent changes.
4. When it is something like photo gallery, visual CAPTCHA is allright as it doesn't contribute to inaccessibility.
Conclusion:
SAPTCHA can be viable alternative to CAPTCHA for web resources like forums and blogs and in other situations when spammer can not afford to target resources individually. With textual resources, SAPTCHA does not lessen accessibility of resource to disabled.
It is suggested that forum and blogging software should offer support for SAPTCHA in addition to existing support for CAPTCHA, thus allowing administrator to use SAPTCHA and switch to CAPTCHA only when and if SAPTCHA is found to be really inadequate in this situation (which is expected to happen only on very popular web resources. How popular? Millions users kind of popular). By the method of operation, SAPTCHA can give only limited protection against account registration abuses when abuser is willing to solve SAPTCHA and consequently run bot that register really many accounts (e.g. for use of email as storage), which would be prevented by CAPTCHA on every registration.
Different Methods:
1)Voice CAPTCHA Alternatives
2)Math Questions
3)Simple Questions
4)Easy Tasks
5)Verification Via SMS
6)Confirmation Page
7)Verification Through Pictures
8)Identifying Sound
9)determine the time for completing the form
CAPTCHA suffers from many problems.
First, it is often very unethical - it unnecessarily discriminates against blind and otherwise visually impaired people.
Secondly, CAPTCHA is not always very good at keeping spam away because computer software already can, generally speaking, recognize letters as well as humans, and computer itself has plenty of advantages over human. Often you see a misguided attemt at making CAPTCHA harder - for example, low text-to-background contrast or bad color combination does nothing to stop computer, but makes it harder to read for human. Often, human don't know how many letters should be there, and random lines may look like yet another distorted letter; whereas captcha-breaking software would know how many letters are supposed to be in this captcha, and when detecting more letters, can eliminate the least likely.
Some letters in common fonts differ too little to be reliably recognized by human when distorted (such as 0,O ; I,l,i,!,j ; vv,w and so on). Humans recognize heavily distorted letters in handwriting based on the context, but letters in CAPTCHAs lack context.
All the above, in combination, often results in a CAPTCHA that computer can, in principle, recognize better than human. Furthermore computer does not get tired and can keep trying even if it succeeds only once per ten attempts.
Thirdly, CAPTCHA turns away undecided visitors, and may very well result in loss of revenue.
CAPTCHA works by wasting time and money on software that is forcing spammer to waste time and money.
To solve this problem, people began thinking of alternatives to CAPTCHA:
SAPTCHA.
SAPTCHA stands for Semi Automatic Public Turing Test to Tell Computers and Humans Apart.
The key concept is same as with CAPTCHA: user is presented with test question or instructions and must give correct answer to use resource. Main difference is that computer does not try to automatically generate "unique" test questions on each query; only verification of answer is automatic. Instead, unique test question and answer[s] are set by moderator or owner when SAPTCHA is installed, and are changed every time spamming happens.
SAPTCHA is proposed as more accessible alternative to CAPTCHA that may replace CAPTCHA in services such as most blogs and forums. SAPTCHA works as lightweight CAPTCHA.
The concept follows from observation that there are many cases where automated generation of unique test question or image does not add any security - spammer do not need to pass test more than once on same forum or blog. Often, there's no human spammer interacting with website at all [Indeed, every blog or site owner would love to believe that his site is so important that it is spammed personally, in a very weird way whereby rather than just reading the image with eyes, spammer would write visual recognition software, but that's in fact not happening :-)]. In such cases, static question can't be worse at stopping bot than dynamic.
Human generated questions have much broader diversity and are thus harder for computer to answer. Parsing arbitrary sentences is an unsolved problem, unlike distorted letter recognition which is a solved problem. It must be also noted that CAPTCHA itself is not really "completely automatic" - human has to write and maintain CAPTCHA software, and update it every time it is broken.
Example questions: User is given instruction like "write [no i'm not a computer!] in this text field" or "write 'i'm human' in reverse" or "write[or copy-paste] web address of this page there" (please don't use too similar things. No default questions and answers. Think up something yourself. Don't try to be clever. It should be not more complex to understand and do than rest of registration, and thus shouldn't decrease website's accessibility(!). It's better if answer is more than 1 character long.)
Bots can try to understand text written by human in normal language (very hard problem in AI) or try to guess (some delay can make it pointless) or try some common test answers if any (then, common test questions and answers will disappear)
Spammer have to manually answer the question to start spamming. This is exactly same problem as with CAPTCHA at registration. Similarly to CAPTCHA at registration, human invervention is necessary to stop spam. - account must be banned and for SAPCHA question must be changed.
In a way, SAPTCHA can be viewed as light weight disposable CAPTCHA test that is cheap to replace when it get compromised.
Comparison
Sample use scenarios
SAPTCHA
s.0) Normal user comes accross your blog. If he can answer question, he can post reply, unless you made bad question and/or instructions. If user can't read your question, probably he can't read your blog either, so the SAPTCHA shouldn't make it less accessible.
s.1) Spammer bot comes accross your blog. No spamming happens. Bots can't understand human language yet.
s.2) Spammer human comes accross your blog/forum, answer question, register account, and possibly add answer and account to spambot database or proceeds to spam manually. You are spammed. You'll have to take action manually to ban spammer and stop spam; you may also want to change the question if spamming was done by bot that "knows" answer to question.
CAPTCHA
s.0) Normal user comes accross your blog/forum. If he can see, and CAPTCHA is simple he can post reply with small hastle if he doesn't have to pass CAPTCHA every time he replies. If CAPTCHA is "unbreakable" or uses bad colors, he will need several attempts, especially so if he need to pass it for every reply. This makes it much less likely that someone will reply to your posts at all. If user is blind or otherwise can't see it, no way.
s.1) Spammer bot comes accross your blog. You might get spammed if bot can recognize image (it is possible if you are using popular CAPTCHA that was broken).
s.2) Spammer human comes accross your blog/forum. He can answer question, register account, add it to spambot database. You are spammed. It will take moderator to ban the bot, and delete spam[assuming that spam filters alone don't suffice without CAPTCHA]; so you still need human intervention from your side. As have been said before, if you'd ask to pass CAPTCHA for every message it'd be too annoying for normal users as well.
Comparison of SAPTCHA versus CAPTCHA features
Advantages of SAPTCHA over CAPTCHA:
1. SAPTCHA software is much easier to implement or replace than CAPTCHA
2. Textual SAPTCHA does not discriminate against disabled who can use internet. [Audio CAPTCHA plus visual CAPTCHA still discriminates against some people, plus the audio part is far easier for computer to break]
3. There is methods for breaking image based CAPTCHAs. If you use popular CAPTCHA, you may still get spammed by entirely automatic bot. SAPTCHAs can be much more varied and there won't be common method of breaking until it becomes possible for computers to interpret human instructions in normal human language. At which time we'd rather have to worry about things like skynet.
Advantages of CAPTCHA over SAPTCHA (disadvantages of SAPTCHA):
1. With SAPTCHA, when banning spammer, moderator must enter new question and answer. With CAPTCHA, though, there's point 1 above (& CAPTCHA code won't remain useful forever either), so for not extremely popular websites it seems highly unlikely that even in long run CAPTCHA would save work.
2. If SAPTCHA is used to protect registration, it is easier to register many accounts at once with SAPTCHA than with CAPTCHA; this might or might not matter with popular email services.
3. Verbal SAPTCHA may be problematic for multi-language resources that need frequent changes.
4. When it is something like photo gallery, visual CAPTCHA is allright as it doesn't contribute to inaccessibility.
Conclusion:
SAPTCHA can be viable alternative to CAPTCHA for web resources like forums and blogs and in other situations when spammer can not afford to target resources individually. With textual resources, SAPTCHA does not lessen accessibility of resource to disabled.
It is suggested that forum and blogging software should offer support for SAPTCHA in addition to existing support for CAPTCHA, thus allowing administrator to use SAPTCHA and switch to CAPTCHA only when and if SAPTCHA is found to be really inadequate in this situation (which is expected to happen only on very popular web resources. How popular? Millions users kind of popular). By the method of operation, SAPTCHA can give only limited protection against account registration abuses when abuser is willing to solve SAPTCHA and consequently run bot that register really many accounts (e.g. for use of email as storage), which would be prevented by CAPTCHA on every registration.
Different Methods:
1)Voice CAPTCHA Alternatives
2)Math Questions
3)Simple Questions
4)Easy Tasks
5)Verification Via SMS
6)Confirmation Page
7)Verification Through Pictures
8)Identifying Sound
9)determine the time for completing the form
Wednesday, July 28, 2010
Advantages Of ERP
In the absence of an ERP system, a large manufacturer may find itself with many software applications that cannot communicate or interface effectively with one another. Tasks that need to interface with one another may involve:[citation needed]
* ERP systems connect the necessary software in order for accurate forecasting to be done. This allows inventory levels to be kept at maximum efficiency and the company to be more profitable.
* Integration among different functional areas to ensure proper communication, productivity and efficiency
* Design engineering (how to best make the product)
* Order tracking, from acceptance through fulfillment
* The revenue cycle, from invoice through cash receipt
* Managing inter-dependencies of complex processes bill of materials
* Tracking the three-way match between purchase orders (what was ordered), inventory receipts (what arrived), and costing (what the vendor invoiced)
* The accounting for all of these tasks: tracking the revenue, cost and profit at a granular level.
ERP Systems centralize the data in one place. Benefits of this include:
* Eliminates the problem of synchronizing changes between multiple systems - consolidation of finance, marketing and sales, human resource, and manufacturing applications
* Permits control of business processes that cross functional boundaries
* Provides top-down view of the enterprise (no "islands of information"), real time information is available to management anywhere, anytime to make proper decisions.
* Reduces the risk of loss of sensitive data by consolidating multiple permissions and security models into a single structure.
* Shorten production leadtime and delivery time
* Facilitating business learning, empowering, and building common visions
Some security features are included within an ERP system to protect against both outsider crime, such as industrial espionage, and insider crime, such as embezzlement. A data-tampering scenario, for example, might involve a disgruntled employee intentionally modifying prices to below-the-breakeven point in order to attempt to interfere with the company's profit or other sabotage. ERP systems typically provide functionality for implementing internal controls to prevent actions of this kind. ERP vendors are also moving toward better integration with other kinds of information security tools.
* ERP systems connect the necessary software in order for accurate forecasting to be done. This allows inventory levels to be kept at maximum efficiency and the company to be more profitable.
* Integration among different functional areas to ensure proper communication, productivity and efficiency
* Design engineering (how to best make the product)
* Order tracking, from acceptance through fulfillment
* The revenue cycle, from invoice through cash receipt
* Managing inter-dependencies of complex processes bill of materials
* Tracking the three-way match between purchase orders (what was ordered), inventory receipts (what arrived), and costing (what the vendor invoiced)
* The accounting for all of these tasks: tracking the revenue, cost and profit at a granular level.
ERP Systems centralize the data in one place. Benefits of this include:
* Eliminates the problem of synchronizing changes between multiple systems - consolidation of finance, marketing and sales, human resource, and manufacturing applications
* Permits control of business processes that cross functional boundaries
* Provides top-down view of the enterprise (no "islands of information"), real time information is available to management anywhere, anytime to make proper decisions.
* Reduces the risk of loss of sensitive data by consolidating multiple permissions and security models into a single structure.
* Shorten production leadtime and delivery time
* Facilitating business learning, empowering, and building common visions
Some security features are included within an ERP system to protect against both outsider crime, such as industrial espionage, and insider crime, such as embezzlement. A data-tampering scenario, for example, might involve a disgruntled employee intentionally modifying prices to below-the-breakeven point in order to attempt to interfere with the company's profit or other sabotage. ERP systems typically provide functionality for implementing internal controls to prevent actions of this kind. ERP vendors are also moving toward better integration with other kinds of information security tools.
What is ERP
ERP is a Software tool that accelerates the business process of an enterprise.
In brief, it helps each person at every level of an enterprise, by providing accurate revealing reports at an auspicious time. And this makes ERP the optimized solution for any problem, facilitating appropriate decision-making in a timely manner.
Enterprise resource planning (ERP) is an Integrated computer-based system used to manage internal and external resources, including tangible assets, financial resources, materials, and human resources. It is a software architecture whose purpose is to facilitate the flow of information between all business functions inside the boundaries of the organization and manage the connections to outside stakeholders. Built on a centralized database and normally utilizing a common computing platform, ERP systems consolidate all business operations into a uniform and enterprise-wide system environment.
An ERP system can either reside on a centralized server or be distributed across modular hardware and software units that provide "services" and communicate on a local area network. The distributed design allows a business to assemble modules from different vendors without the need for the placement of multiple copies of complex and expensive computer systems in areas which will not use their full capacity
In brief, it helps each person at every level of an enterprise, by providing accurate revealing reports at an auspicious time. And this makes ERP the optimized solution for any problem, facilitating appropriate decision-making in a timely manner.
Enterprise resource planning (ERP) is an Integrated computer-based system used to manage internal and external resources, including tangible assets, financial resources, materials, and human resources. It is a software architecture whose purpose is to facilitate the flow of information between all business functions inside the boundaries of the organization and manage the connections to outside stakeholders. Built on a centralized database and normally utilizing a common computing platform, ERP systems consolidate all business operations into a uniform and enterprise-wide system environment.
An ERP system can either reside on a centralized server or be distributed across modular hardware and software units that provide "services" and communicate on a local area network. The distributed design allows a business to assemble modules from different vendors without the need for the placement of multiple copies of complex and expensive computer systems in areas which will not use their full capacity
Thursday, July 22, 2010
JQuery guide for beginers
useful links:
http://www.w3schools.com/jquery/tryit.asp?filename=tryjquery_hide_p
http://www.w3schools.com/jquery/jquery_events.
http://www.w3schools.com/jquery/tryit.asp?filename=tryjquery_hide_p
http://www.w3schools.com/jquery/jquery_events.
Ajax guide
simple Ajax guide :
AJAX is about updating parts of a web page, without reloading the whole page.
What is AJAX?
AJAX = Asynchronous JavaScript and XML.
AJAX is a technique for creating fast and dynamic web pages.
AJAX allows web pages to be updated asynchronously by exchanging small amounts of data with the server behind the scenes. This means that it is possible to update parts of a web page, without reloading the whole page.
Classic web pages, (which do not use AJAX) must reload the entire page if the content should change.
Examples of applications using AJAX: Google Maps, Gmail, Youtube, and Facebook tabs.
http://www.w3schools.com/php/php_ajax_database.asp
AJAX is about updating parts of a web page, without reloading the whole page.
What is AJAX?
AJAX = Asynchronous JavaScript and XML.
AJAX is a technique for creating fast and dynamic web pages.
AJAX allows web pages to be updated asynchronously by exchanging small amounts of data with the server behind the scenes. This means that it is possible to update parts of a web page, without reloading the whole page.
Classic web pages, (which do not use AJAX) must reload the entire page if the content should change.
Examples of applications using AJAX: Google Maps, Gmail, Youtube, and Facebook tabs.
http://www.w3schools.com/php/php_ajax_database.asp
Wednesday, July 14, 2010
Php interview questions
1)What’s the difference between include and require? - It’s how they handle failures. If the file is not found by require(), it will cause a fatal error and halt the execution of the script. If the file is not found by include(), a warning will be issued, but execution will continue.
2)Explain the ternary conditional operator in PHP? - Expression preceding the ? is evaluated, if it’s true, then the expression preceding the : is executed, otherwise, the expression following : is executed.
3)For printing out strings, there are echo, print and printf. Explain the differences. - echo is the most primitive of them, and just outputs the contents following the construct to the screen. print is also a construct (so parentheses are optional when calling it), but it returns TRUE on successful output and FALSE if it was unable to print out the string. However, you can pass multiple parameters to echo, like:
and it will output the string "Welcome to TechInterviews!" print does not take multiple parameters. It is also generally argued that echo is faster, but usually the speed advantage is negligible, and might not be there for future versions of PHP. printf is a function, not a construct, and allows such advantages as formatted output, but it’s the slowest way to print out data out of echo, print and printf.
4)What’s the difference between htmlentities() and htmlspecialchars()? - htmlspecialchars only takes care of <, >, single quote ‘, double quote " and ampersand. htmlentities translates all occurrences of character sequences that have different meaning in HTML.
5)What is the use of ob_start() in PHP?
Actually, ob_start() tells PHP to start output buffering, meaning that anything you output after ob_start() wont be sent to the browser until the end of the page or ob_end() etc are reached.
So that means that once you use ob_start() and echo something out, you can still set cookies without any errors. For example:
ob_start();
echo "this will work";
setcookie("test", true);
ob_end_flush();
?>
6)what is the difference between ph4 and php5
In PHP4, everything was passed by value, including objects. This has changed in PHP5 -- all objects are now passed by reference.
PHP5 introduces a new unified constructor/destructor names. In PHP4, a constructor was simply a method that had the same name as the class itself. This caused some headaches since if you changed the name of the class, you would have to go through and change every occurrence of that name.
In PHP5, all constructors are named __construct(). That is, the word construct prefixed by two underscores. Other then this name change, a constructor works the same way.Also, the newly added __destruct() (destruct prefixed by two underscores) allows you to write code that will be executed when the object is destroyed.
Type Hinting
PHP5 introduces limited type hinting. This means you can enforce what kind of variables are passed to functions or class methods. The drawback is that (at this time), it will only work for classes or arrays -- so no other scalar types like integers or strings.
PHP finally introduces exceptions! An exception is basically an error. By using an exception however, you gain more control the simple trigger_error notices we were stuck with before.
Standard PHP Library
use this link to know more
http://prakashadmane.blogspot.com/2008_01_01_archive.html
7)What are the differences between Get and post methods
1. By using Post method we can send unlimited data,But it's
not possible in the case of Get. Get support maximum 200
characters or 2 MB data.
2. Get method is not secure as anyone can see it's content
in the URL.It doesn't happen in case of Post method.
8)How can we submit a form without a submit button?
using javascript
document.form.submit();
9)How many ways we can retrieve the date in result set of mysql using php?
4 ways
1. mysql_fetch_rows
2. mysql_fetch_object
3. mysql_fetch_assoc
4. mysql_fetch_array
mysql_fetch_object : will return the results from database
as objects. fields will be accessible like in objects
i.e $result->name,$result->cust_name
mysql_fetch_array : will return the results from database as
array. fields will be accessible like in objects
i.e $result[name],$result[cust_name]
10)What is the difference between $message and $$message?
$Message = "php";
$you= "java";
echo $message //Output:- php
echo $$message //output :-java
It means
$message is a variable and
$$Message is variable of variable
A variable of variable allows us to change the name of
variable dinamically
2)Explain the ternary conditional operator in PHP? - Expression preceding the ? is evaluated, if it’s true, then the expression preceding the : is executed, otherwise, the expression following : is executed.
3)For printing out strings, there are echo, print and printf. Explain the differences. - echo is the most primitive of them, and just outputs the contents following the construct to the screen. print is also a construct (so parentheses are optional when calling it), but it returns TRUE on successful output and FALSE if it was unable to print out the string. However, you can pass multiple parameters to echo, like:
and it will output the string "Welcome to TechInterviews!" print does not take multiple parameters. It is also generally argued that echo is faster, but usually the speed advantage is negligible, and might not be there for future versions of PHP. printf is a function, not a construct, and allows such advantages as formatted output, but it’s the slowest way to print out data out of echo, print and printf.
4)What’s the difference between htmlentities() and htmlspecialchars()? - htmlspecialchars only takes care of <, >, single quote ‘, double quote " and ampersand. htmlentities translates all occurrences of character sequences that have different meaning in HTML.
5)What is the use of ob_start() in PHP?
Actually, ob_start() tells PHP to start output buffering, meaning that anything you output after ob_start() wont be sent to the browser until the end of the page or ob_end() etc are reached.
So that means that once you use ob_start() and echo something out, you can still set cookies without any errors. For example:
ob_start();
echo "this will work";
setcookie("test", true);
ob_end_flush();
?>
6)what is the difference between ph4 and php5
In PHP4, everything was passed by value, including objects. This has changed in PHP5 -- all objects are now passed by reference.
PHP5 introduces a new unified constructor/destructor names. In PHP4, a constructor was simply a method that had the same name as the class itself. This caused some headaches since if you changed the name of the class, you would have to go through and change every occurrence of that name.
In PHP5, all constructors are named __construct(). That is, the word construct prefixed by two underscores. Other then this name change, a constructor works the same way.Also, the newly added __destruct() (destruct prefixed by two underscores) allows you to write code that will be executed when the object is destroyed.
Type Hinting
PHP5 introduces limited type hinting. This means you can enforce what kind of variables are passed to functions or class methods. The drawback is that (at this time), it will only work for classes or arrays -- so no other scalar types like integers or strings.
PHP finally introduces exceptions! An exception is basically an error. By using an exception however, you gain more control the simple trigger_error notices we were stuck with before.
Standard PHP Library
use this link to know more
http://prakashadmane.blogspot.com/2008_01_01_archive.html
7)What are the differences between Get and post methods
1. By using Post method we can send unlimited data,But it's
not possible in the case of Get. Get support maximum 200
characters or 2 MB data.
2. Get method is not secure as anyone can see it's content
in the URL.It doesn't happen in case of Post method.
8)How can we submit a form without a submit button?
using javascript
document.form.submit();
9)How many ways we can retrieve the date in result set of mysql using php?
4 ways
1. mysql_fetch_rows
2. mysql_fetch_object
3. mysql_fetch_assoc
4. mysql_fetch_array
mysql_fetch_object : will return the results from database
as objects. fields will be accessible like in objects
i.e $result->name,$result->cust_name
mysql_fetch_array : will return the results from database as
array. fields will be accessible like in objects
i.e $result[name],$result[cust_name]
10)What is the difference between $message and $$message?
$Message = "php";
$you= "java";
echo $message //Output:- php
echo $$message //output :-java
It means
$message is a variable and
$$Message is variable of variable
A variable of variable allows us to change the name of
variable dinamically
Sunday, June 13, 2010
Life After Engineering
Hello Friends,
I am Arpana (Computer Engineer).There are lots of question in our mind after completing engineering degree-What should i do ??
Engineering graduates have a lots of career opportunities to go for.
1. Can go for Job
2. Can go for MBA
3. Can go for M.Tech
4. Can go for M.Sc(From Abroad)
1.Candidates who wants to make money,Then go to their respective field to earn and learn both.Civil services is good as career option after engineering.
2. Candidates who wants to make their career in corporate world can go for MBA. As this is the right choice for them.
3. Candidates who want to make their career in teaching or research must go for M.Tech. As this background provide that inmate capability to share information and knowledge in order to make other people use that information in constructive works. And also help in creating good human beings and good citizens.
4. M.Sc is actually an expensive higher study programme, But has its own good perspectives. This is also for people intrested in corporate world. This course cost around 20 to 25 Lakhs for complete course from a recognised university and in countries like US, UK, and Australia.
I am Arpana (Computer Engineer).There are lots of question in our mind after completing engineering degree-What should i do ??
Engineering graduates have a lots of career opportunities to go for.
1. Can go for Job
2. Can go for MBA
3. Can go for M.Tech
4. Can go for M.Sc(From Abroad)
1.Candidates who wants to make money,Then go to their respective field to earn and learn both.Civil services is good as career option after engineering.
2. Candidates who wants to make their career in corporate world can go for MBA. As this is the right choice for them.
3. Candidates who want to make their career in teaching or research must go for M.Tech. As this background provide that inmate capability to share information and knowledge in order to make other people use that information in constructive works. And also help in creating good human beings and good citizens.
4. M.Sc is actually an expensive higher study programme, But has its own good perspectives. This is also for people intrested in corporate world. This course cost around 20 to 25 Lakhs for complete course from a recognised university and in countries like US, UK, and Australia.
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